State health care system
The state health care system in Poland functions mainly through the National Health Fund (NFZ). The NFZ is responsible for managing funds allocated for health care and for contracting health care services. Here is a detailed description of how this system works.
Funding
The health care system in Poland is financed by mandatory health premiums paid by employees, employers, farmers, self-employed persons and the state for those unable to work. These contributions are transferred to the National Health Fund, which then distributes the funds for various health care services.
Structure of the System
Primary Health Care (PHC):
- The patient's first point of contact with the health system is family physicians and primary care nurses.
- POZ doctors provide basic medical services, provide preventive care and refer patients to specialists as needed.
- Ambulatory Specialized Care (AOS):
- After receiving a referral from a PCP, a patient can use the services of specialists.
- Specialists work in outpatient clinics and clinics, where they offer more advanced tests and treatment.
- Hospital Care:
- Hospitals in Poland are divided into different levels of referral, which means they offer different levels of care from basic to highly specialized.
- Hospitals provide diagnostic, treatment, rehabilitation and long-term care services.
- Emergency Medical Services:
- The emergency medical system includes ambulances that provide immediate assistance in emergencies.
- Emergency medical services are coordinated by provincial ambulance stations.
- Specialized Care:
- Includes cardiac, oncological, neurological and psychiatric care, among others.
- Specialized centers offer advanced medical procedures and modern treatments.
Institutions
- National Health Fund (NHF): NFZ homepage
- The main body responsible for financing and contracting health services in Poland.
- Ministry of Health: home page of the Ministry of Health
- Comprehensive knowledge of the state health care system in Poland and a search engine for medical facilities: link
Use of Health Care
To use the state health care system, patients must be registered with the National Health Service and have valid health insurance. Patients can make appointments with primary care physicians, obtain referrals to specialists and receive hospital services directly from facilities contracted by the NFZ.
Private healthcare
Private healthcare in Poland has become increasingly popular as an alternative to the public healthcare system. With its promise of shorter waiting times, more personalized care, and a wider range of services, many people are opting for private healthcare services.
One of the main advantages of private healthcare in Poland is the reduced waiting time for appointments and procedures. In the public system, patients often face long waits for specialist consultations and surgeries. Private clinics and hospitals, on the other hand, can usually offer appointments within a few days or weeks, significantly speeding up the treatment process.
Private healthcare facilities in Poland are also known for their state-of-the-art equipment and modern amenities. Many private hospitals and clinics invest heavily in the latest medical technology and maintain high standards of cleanliness and comfort. This not only enhances the overall patient experience but also contributes to better health outcomes.
Access to a broader range of services is another key advantage. Private healthcare providers often offer specialized services and treatments that may not be readily available in the public system. This includes advanced diagnostic tests, cutting-edge surgical procedures, and alternative therapies. Patients seeking specific treatments or a more holistic approach to their health often turn to private providers to meet their needs.
